模具钢锻造过程等向性能的有限元预测

Finite element prediction of isotropy of die steel in forging process

提出锻造过程等向性的有限元计算方法,首先计算锻造过程中有限单元在X、Y和Z方向的变形功,然后对每个方向的变形功进行累积,根据等向性的定义计算所有单元的方向累积变形功之比。结果显示,采用径向十字锻造方法的两镦两拔锻造工艺下(2次镦粗比为2,2次拔长比为2)的H13钢等向性计算结果为0.50和0.47,试验实测结果为0.51和0.48;采用轴向反复镦拔法的一镦一拔、两镦两拔锻造工艺下(镦粗比为2,拔长比为2)的718钢等向性计算结果分别为0.76、0.81和0.92、0.98,试验实测结果分别为0.771、0.824和0.948、0.974,提出的模具钢锻造过程等向性预测方法,对于降低制造成本和优化锻造工艺具有重要的理论指导意义。

A finite element method for calculating isotropy in forging process was proposed.Firstly, the unit deformation work in the X, Y and Z directions of forging process was calculated. Subsequently, the unit deformation work in each direction was accumulated, respectively. Finally, the ratio of the accumulated deformation work in the directions was calculated associating with the isotropy definition. According to the proposed method, the isotropy calculations of H13 steel with the method of cross-heading forging in process of upsetting twice and drawing twice(upsetting ratio of 2, drawing ratio of 2) were 0.50 and 0.47, and the corresponding experimental results were 0.51 and 0.48. Whilst the isotropy calculations of 718 steel with the method of repeated axial upsetting in process of upsetting once and drawing once, upsetting twice and drawing twice(upsetting ratio of 2, drawing ratio of 2)were 0.76, 0.81 and 0.92, 0.98, respectively, and the corresponding experimental results were 0.771, 0.824 and 0.948, 0.974. It proposed the isotropy prediction method of die steel in forging process, which had important theoretical guiding significance for reducing cost and optimizing forging process.