化肥配施NAM长效剂对小果型西瓜氮、磷吸收利用及产量品质的影响

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer and NAM Long-Acting Agent on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake and Utilization and Yield and Quality of Small Fruit Watermelonii

【目的】研究化肥配施NAM长效剂对新疆设施小果型西瓜氮磷养分吸收利用及产量品质的影响。【方法】以小果型西瓜品种众天2013和众天6211为材料,在小果型西瓜上施用不同用量的氮肥和配施添加剂NAM,测定小果型西瓜氮、磷吸收量和产量品质,分析小果型西瓜氮磷吸收、产量品质与氮肥配施NAM的关系。【结果】在等养分条件下,配施NAM能增加小果型西瓜干物质量、氮磷养分吸收及产量品质,在氮肥减量20%配施NAM长效剂与常规施肥(CF)处理在干物质量、养分吸收及产量品质上相当,其中品种众天6211,产量在80%CF+NAM处理较CF显著增产4.23%。【结论】与常规施肥(CF)相比,2个品种CF+NAM、80%CF+NAM能提高氮、磷肥料利用率,分别提高氮肥利用率1.1~3.2个百分点和磷利用率0.48~0.79个百分点。

【Objective】To explore the effects of chemical fertilizer and NAM long-effect agent on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient uptake and utilization and yield and quality of small fruit watermelon in Xinjiang.【Method】The small fruit watermelon varieties Zhongtian 2013 and Zhongtian 6211 were used as testing materials,nitrogen fertilizer and NAM were applied to small fruit watermelons to determine the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and yield and quality of the fruit and clearly understand the relationship between nitrogen and phosphorus absorption,yield and quality of N.【Result】Under the same nutrient condition,NAM increased the dry matter quality,nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient uptake and yield quality of small fruit watermelon,the dry matter quality,nutrient absorption and yield quality of NAM long-acting agent with 20%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer were similar to that of conventional fertilization(CF)treatment,among which,Zhongtian 6211 had a yield of 4.23%higher than CF treatment under 80%CF+NAM treatment.【Conclusion】Compared with conventional fertilization(CF),CF+NAM and 80%CF+NAM can increase the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers by 1.1-3.2 percentage points and 0.48-0.79 percentage points,respectively.