从《新生周刊》看抗日战争期间中国社会的主要矛盾

Main contradictions of Chinese Society during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression:A Case Study of the New Life Weekly

关于我国抗日战争的开端和中国社会在"九一八事变"后的主要矛盾问题,史学界一直存在着较为激烈的争论。2017年,随着教育部下发文件,正式确定了以"九一八事变"为起点的"十四年抗战说"的历史地位,关于抗日战争的起点这一问题似乎不应该再有争论。然而是否能以此来推定,随着"九一八事变"的发生,中日民族矛盾激化,抗日战争正式开始,中日民族矛盾在此时已转变成中国社会的主要矛盾。笔者认为这一观点仍有待商榷。通过对《新生周刊》以及后续"新生事件"的考察,本文认为"九一八事变"后中日民族矛盾仍然存在一个明显的由强到弱、由弱到强的曲线变化过程。因此,结合当时的时代背景和社会状况来看,至少在1934年,中日间民族矛盾仍然并非是中国社会的主要矛盾,而1935年初发生的"新生事件"则大大加快了中日民族矛盾向中国社会主要矛盾的转化速度。

There has been fierce debate among the historians about the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japan and the main contradictions of Chinese society after the "September 18 Incident".In 2017,the Ministry of Education issued a document officially confirming the "14-year Anti-Japanese War" starting from the "September 18th incident".There seemed to be no more debate about the beginning of the war of resistance against Japan after that.However can one infer that with the occurrence of the incident,the national contradiction between China and Japan became the main contradiction in Chinese society?The author does not agree.Through the investigation of New Life Weekly and the subsequent "New Life" event,the author believes that the national contradiction between China and Japan still has an obvious curvilinear change from strong to weak and from weak to strong after the "September 18th incident".Therefore,the author believes that,based on the historical background and social conditions at that time,at least in 1934,the national contradiction between China and Japan was not yet the main contradiction in Chinese society,while the "New Life" event in early 1935 greatly accelerated the transformation of the national contradiction between China and Japan into the main contradiction in the Chinese society.