城乡经济结构转型的国际经验及启示

International Experience and Enlightenment of Urban and Rural Economic Structural Transformation

新中国成立70年来,伴随着工业化和城市化的持续推进,我国经济取得了举世瞩目的成就。但就总体而言,城乡二元经济结构特征仍然突出,转型尚未完成,表现为工农业生产率水平差距大、城乡居民收入不平衡、区域间异质性发展等问题。借鉴英国、美国、日本、韩国的历史经验和主要做法,我国应从产业结构升级、激发技术创新、加大人力资源投入、推动农业现代化等方面入手,加快推进城乡经济结构转型。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago,with the continuous advancement of industrialization and urbanization,China’s economy has made remarkable achievements. However,in general,the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas is still prominent,and the transformation has not been completed,which is reflected in the large gap in industrial and agricultural productivity,the imbalance of income between urban and rural residents,and the heterogeneous development between regions. Drawing on the historical experience and main practices of the United Kingdom,the United States,Japan and South Korea,China should accelerate the transformation of urban and rural economic structure by upgrading its industrial structure,stimulating technological innovation,increasing human resources input and promoting agricultural modernization.