杂种金叶银杏叶片光合特性分析

Analysis of photosynthetic characteristics of hybrid golden leaf ginkgo

【目的】分析杂种金叶银杏子代光合特性,为进一步获得具有较强环境适应能力的金叶银杏材料提供依据。【方法】以杂种金叶银杏(‘万年金'ב南林1号')1年生实生苗为材料,同一母本自然授粉(父本不确定)金叶银杏1年生实生苗为对照,测定叶片光合基本参数及光响应曲线,比较二者光合能力的变化情况。【结果】杂种金叶银杏净光合速率、气孔导度、水分利用效率均明显高于对照,表现出对季节变化更强的适应性。光响应曲线拟合结果表明:杂种金叶银杏的最大净光合速率较高,光合能力较强;同时光饱和点、内禀量子效率、光补偿点处量子效率以及表观量子效率也较高,光补偿点、暗呼吸速率也均高于对照,有机物消耗较快。相关性分析结果表明:杂种金叶银杏净光合速率与气孔导度、水分利用效率呈极显著的正相关性;气孔导度与表观量子效率、蒸腾速率呈正相关。【结论】杂交改变了金叶银杏的光合参数,有效提高了后代对光能利用的潜能及光转化的能力,可以更好地利用全日照光,因此可以培育出对光环境适应能力更强的金叶银杏品种。

【Objective】The effects of artificial hybridization on the photosynthetic characteristics of Ginkgo biloba progeny were studied and the basis for further obtaining excellent germplasm of Ginkgo biloba with strong environmental adaptability was provided.【Method】The annual seedlings of hybrid golden leaf ginkgo(‘Wannianjin'בNanlin No.1')were used as materials,and the same plant natural pollination(father is uncertain)Ginkgo biloba annual seedlings were used as control.The basic parameters of photosynthetic parameters and light response curves of leaves were measured,and the changes of photosynthetic capacity and environmental adaptability were compared.【Result】The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and water use efficiency of hybrid golden leaf ginkgo were significantly higher than the control,showing a stronger adaptability to seasonal changes.The results of light response curve fitting showed that the maximum net photosynthetic rate of Ginkgo biloba was higher and the photosynthetic capacity was stronger.At the same time,the light saturation point,the internal quantum efficiency,the quantum efficiency at the light compensation point,and the apparent quantum efficiency are also high.The light compensation point and dark breathing rate are also higher than the control,and the organic matter is consumed quickly.Correlation analysis showed that the net photosynthetic rate showed a significant positive correlation with stomatal conductance and water use efficiency;stomatal conductance was positively correlated with apparent quantum efficiency and transpiration rate.【Conclusion】Hybridization changed the photosynthetic parameters of Ginkgo biloba,effectively improved the potential of light energy utilization and light transformation of offspring,and made better use of a full-day of light.Therefore,it is possible to cultivate a golden leaf ginkgo variety that is more adaptable to the light environment.