“社会”一词的词汇构式化研究

On the Lexical Constructionization of of the Word "Shehui(社会) "

“社会”一词在当代汉语中发生了构式化,形成了“新形式—新意义”的配对:生成了“AD(程度副词)+社会”和“社会+NN(指人词语)”这两个图式构式,其中“社会”常作定语和谓语,有了形容词用法;可表“野蛮的、暴力的”等贬义,也可表“接地气的、生活化的”或“酷的、霸气的”等褒义。从历时层面看,“社会”经历了一个词汇化的过程,唐宋时期以短语身份初现,后经明清的发展,至近代受到语言接触的影响,逐步固化为词。从产生动因看,“社会”一词的构式化受到了图式义、构式的类化以及大众认知心理等因素的影响。

In contemporary Chinese,the word"Shehui"has been constructionized,constituting a"new form--new meaning"pairing and two schema constructions of"AD(degree adverb)+Shehui"and"Shehui+NN(referring to human words)"."Shehui",often used as an attributive and a predicate,has both commendatory and derogatory meanings,such as"uncivilized”,“violent","living","cool","domineering"and so on.Diachronically,"Shehui"has experienced a process of lexicalization---as a phrase in the Tang and Song dynasties and a solidified word under the impact of language contact in modern times.Motivationally,this constructionalization is influenced by factors such as schema meaning,construction classification and public cognition psychology.