基于热管输热的矿井地热危害控制试验研究

Experimental Study on the Mine Geothermal Hazard Control Based on Heal Transfer by Heat Pipe

我国矿山资源需求增大,矿井开采深度不断加深,井下地热危害日趋严重,影响了矿井安全生产。针对现有热害控制技术存在深层矿井工作面降温效果不明显,无法有效控制井下热害的问题,利用热管的高效传热特性,建立了采用动力型热管的热害控制系统并搭建了试验平台,用以模拟井下热源环境以及系统热量、冷量传递输运过程。结合矿井实际环境,测试分析了动力型分离式热管降温系统换热的影响因素。结果表明:在蒸发器和冷凝器迎风风温36.5℃和18℃、冷凝器风速3 m/s、溶液泵频率20 Hz、充液率51%的条件下,蒸发器的吸热量随着风量的增加而升高;在蒸发器迎风风温42.8℃、风速2 m/s、冷凝器风温18.8℃、风速3 m/s、溶液泵频率20 Hz的条件下,最佳充液率取值区间为51%~60%;蒸发器各参数不变,当冷凝器迎风温度为16.5℃、风速为2.5 m/s、充液率为67%时,换热量随着溶液泵频率的增加先升高后稳定不变;两换热器距离为4~10 m时,温度和风速变化对系统换热效率影响很小。研究结果反映出动力型分离式热管降温系统可有效改善深井工作环境,使井下高温热害得到有效控制。

With the increasing of mine exploitation depth and the continuous improvement of mining mechanization,the mine geothermal hazard becomes more and more serious,and affects mine safety.In view of the problem that the existing technology has no obvious cooling effect in deep mine and can not effectively control the geothermal hazard in underground mine,the heat pipe with high-efficiency heat transfer characteristics was adapt to establish a geothermal hazard control system and an experimental platform was built to simulate the underground mine environment and the heat and cold transfer and transportation process of the system.Combined with the actual mine environment,the influencing factors of heat exchange of the dynamic separated heat pipe cooling system were tested and analyzed.The results show that the heat absorption of the evaporator increases with the increase of the air volume when the temperature of the wind in the evaporator and the condenser are 36.5 ℃and 18 ℃,the wind speed of the condenser is 3 m/s,the frequency of the solution pump is 20 Hz,and the filling rate is 51%,the heat absorption of evaporator increases with the increase of air volume;When the windward temperature of the evaporator is42.8 ℃,the wind speed is 2 m/s,the wind temperature of the condenser is 18.8 ℃,the wind speed is 3 m/s,and the frequency of the solution pump is 20 Hz,the best filling rate range is 51% ~60%;when the parameters of the evaporator are unchanged,the windward temperature of the condenser is 16.5 ℃,the wind speed is 2.5 m/s,and the filling rate is 67%,the heat transfer increases first and then remains stable with the increase of the frequency of the solution pump;when the distance between the two heat exchangers changed from 4 m to 10 m,the change of temperature and wind speed had little effect on the heat transfer efficiency of the system.The above discussion resutls further show that the powered separated heat pipe cooling system can effectively improve the working environment in the deep mine and control the high temperature hazard in mine.