二孩儿童母亲的育儿压力状况及相关因素

The two-child mothers'parenting stress and its related factors

目的:探讨二孩儿童母亲的育儿压力状况及相关因素,为制订降低儿童母亲育儿压力的决策措施提供科学依据。方法:选取南通市5所托幼机构1483名儿童的母亲(其中二孩母亲455名),采用简式育儿压力问卷(PSI-SF)、家庭亲密度和适应性量表第2版(FACES-Ⅱ)进行调查。结果:二孩母亲的育儿愁苦、亲子互动失调及PSI-SF总分均高于一孩母亲(均P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,有二孩,家庭月总收入越低、家庭亲密度越低、家庭适应性越差的儿童母亲PSI-SF总分越高(β=0.08、-0.06、-0.17、-0.26)。结论:南通市二孩母亲的育儿压力较高;家庭月总收入低、家庭亲密度低、家庭适应性差是儿童母亲育儿压力的相关因素。

Objective:To investigate the two-child mothers'parenting stress and its related factors,and to provide theoretical basis and guidance for reducing the mothers'parenting stress.Methods:Totally 1483 mothers of children(455 mothers of two children)from 5 kindergartens in Nantong city were surveyed with the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form(PSI-SF),Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale,Second Edition(FACES-Ⅱ).Results:The scores of parental distress,parent-child interaction disorder and the total score of parenting stress were higher in the two-child mothers than in the one-child mothers(Ps<0.01).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that two-child mothers,and the mothers with lower monthly family income,poorer family intimacy,poorer family adaptability had higher total parenting stress(β=0.08,-0.06,-0.17,-0.26).Conclusion:Two-child mothers have higher parenting stress in Nantong city.Lower monthly family income,poorer family intimacy and poorer family adaptability may be related factors of mothers'parenting stress.