生态环境政策机制的有效性——兼论塞勒行为经济学认识的政策启示

Study On Effectiveness of Ecological and Environmental Policy Mechanism——also on the policy enlightenment of Thaler’s behavioral economics

制定生态环境政策机制,必须考虑其政策的有效性,并考察行为者的行为特征有针对性地构建。针对理性行为者的成本-收益计算,应选择适当的生态环境规制强度才具有效性;针对风险规避型行为者,应选择适合的生态环境规制方式才能够达成博弈均衡;针对企业利润最大化目标,应制定能够有效促进企业选择环保努力的生态环境规制手段;针对地方政府、企业、消费者等主体可能存在的非理性行为特征,可借鉴塞勒的行为经济学认识构建政策机制,有效推进各相关主体采取生态环境友好型行为。

To formulate the mechanism of ecological environment policy,we must consider the effectiveness of the policy,and consider the behavior characteristics of the actors.For the rational actors,we should choose the appropriate ecological environment regulation intensity.For"risk aversion"actors,we should choose the appropriate game strategy;For companies pursuing profits,we should build the mechanisms to promote their environmental efforts.For the irrational behavior characteristics of local governments,enterprises and consumers,we should learn from Thaler’s behavioral economics to construct institutional mechanisms that effectively promotes them to adopt eco-friendly behaviors.