算法新闻的公共性建构研究——基于行动者网络理论的视角

Research on the Public Nature Construction of Algorithmic News——From the Perspective of the Actor-Network Theory

从行动者网络的角度看,算法新闻及其所依赖的算法并非是客观的、自然的,而是由行动者建构起来的,因而,公共性的考量可以通过磋商来实现。算法在精确性、客观性与多样化等方面有助于公共性的建构,但也因其技术的特性对公共性造成伤害。因此,在搭建算法及算法新闻的行动者网络时,需要将各行动者包括各非人类行动者的兴趣转译入算法新闻的建设中,才能更好地推动算法为人类的信息需求服务。推动算法的创新,调适算法的规制,促进监督的社会化以及提升用户的算法素养成为建构各方共同接受的公共性概念的关键环节。

From the perspective of the Actor-Network Theory, algorithmic news and the algorithms it relies on are not objective and natural, but are constructed by actors. Therefore, the consideration of its public nature can be realized through consultation. The algorithm contributes to the public nature construction in terms of accuracy, objectivity and diversification, but it also does harm to public nature due to its technical characteristics. Therefore, when constructing the actor network of algorithm and algorithmic news, it is necessary to translate the interests of all actors, including non-human actors, into the construction of algorithmic news, so as to make algorithm better serve human information needs. Innovating algorithm, adjusting its regulation, promoting broad-based supervision and improving the algorithmic literacy of users have become the key links of constructing the concept of public nature accepted by all parties.