宅基地的符号性与宅基地退出中的乡土惯习——以已购房农民为例

The Symbolism of Homestead and the Native Habitues in the Homestead Exit:Taking Peasants who Purchased Houses as an Example

宅基地是性质极为特殊的土地,从已购房农民视角来看,宅基地是"宅""家"与"乡土符号"三位一体的结合体。已购房农民宅基地的居住功能严重弱化,但作为"乡土情结"的象征功能出现反差性放大。此种意义上,宅基地作为"乡土符号"的性质更为重要,这与现代体制下集体土地性质相分歧,并成为已购房农民宅基地极不愿退出的深层阻因之一。在新时代背景下,应该提升城镇已购房农民住房保障能力,合理扬弃乡土惯习,增强现代场域吸引力,并在宅基地退出中积极维护其"家园意识",利用新的理念载体维护其"家"的传承的符号功能,采取柔性的退出策略和差异化乡村发展机制,以充分利用退出宅基地,积极促进宅基地"三权分置"与乡村振兴。

The nature of homestead is a very special,from the perspective peasants who purchased houses,the homestead is the"house","home"and"native symbol"trinity combination.The residential functions of peasants’homesteads have seriously weakened,but as a symbolic feature of"native complex"be contrastively magnified.In this sense,the nature of homestead as a"nation symbol"is more important,which is different from the nature of collective land under the modern system,and has become one of the deep reason for the peasants who purchased houses unwilling to exit.Under the background of the new era,we should enhance the ability of housing purchase,rationally sublate the native habitues,strengthen the attractiveness of modern fields,and utilize the new idea carrier to maintain the symbolic function of the inheritance of its"family",adopt a flexible exit strategy and differentiated rural development mechanism,make full use of exited homestead,actively promote the"three separate rights"of homestead and the rural revitalization.