探讨康复治疗学专业本科生认知功能性别差异

Explore the Differences in Gender on Cognitive Function Among Undergraduates Majoring in Rehabilitation Therapy

目的探讨康复治疗学专业本科生在认知功能方面的性别差异。方法对湘南学院2015级、2016级和2017级康复治疗学专业本科大学生187人进行基本信息采集并对其记忆力、注意力及执行功能进行评估,采用的量表包括听觉语言学习测试(AVLT)、修订韦氏成人记忆量表中的故事回忆、数字广度测试、连线测试(TMT)和数字符号测试,评估时间在学生大学二年级上学期。结果在注意力方面,女生组的顺背和倒背长度及数字替换成符号正确的个数均高于男生组,但均未见显著性差异(P>0.05)。在记忆力方面,除第一遍回忆和故事二中正确的项目男生组比女生组高外,其他指标均显示女生组高于男生组,但均未见明显差异(P>0.05),在延时再认中的表现两组接近统计学意义(P=0.058)。在执行功能方面,男生组在完成A部分时比女生组快,而在B部分的表现不如女生组但未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论本校的康复治疗学本科专业学习的认知功能不存在明显的性别差异,应增加研究对象的样本量及多样性,采用敏感性更高且更准确的量表或评估手段来进一步证实结果的准确性。本研究结果虽无统计学意义,但能在一定程度上为后续研究男女在认知功能的表现上的性别差异提供佐证依据。

Objective To explore the differences in gender on cognitive function among undergraduates majoring in rehabilitation therapy.Methods 187 undergraduate students majoring in rehabilitation therapy in Institute of Rehabilitation of Xiangnan University which in grade 2015,2016 and 2017 were corrected the basic information and evaluated the cognitive function including memory,attention and executive function.The tools of assessment were scales which involved Auditory Verbal Learning Test(AVLT),the story recall of Revised Wechsler Adult Memory Scale(WMS),Digit Span Test,the Trail Making Test(TMT)and Digit Symbol Substitute Test(DSST).The research was conducted in the first semester when the students were in their second year of college.Results In terms of attention,the length of forward and backward recitation as well as the correct number of numbers replaced by symbols in female group were higher than those in male group without significant difference(P>0.05).In terms of memory,the correct items of the first recall and the second story in male group were higher than the female group.The results of the remaining indicators showed that the number of remembering items in the female group was higher than the male group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The performance of the two groups in delayed recognition was close to statistical significance(P=0.058).In terms of executive function,in part A the male group was faster than the female group,while they didn’t do as well as the female on part B without significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion There was no significant difference in gender on the cognitive function among the undergraduate students majoring in rehabilitation therapy in our university.Bigger sample size with diversity and more sensitive and accurate scales or assessment methods should be adopted to confirm the accuracy of the results.Although the results of this study have not statistically significant,they can provide basical evidence for gender differences in cognitive function in the future studies.