制度逻辑、制度矛盾与合作社的“公司化”

Institutional Logics, Institutional Contradictions and the“Corporatization”of Farmers’ Specialized Cooperatives

为了回答合作社为什么会"公司化"这一问题,本文首先将合作社的"公司化"归为组织形式改变这一理论范畴,然后在组织分析的新制度主义范式下,建立制度逻辑导致合作社组织形式改变的理论模型,最后运用解释性案例研究方法予以实证。研究发现:第一,农业产业化逻辑和农业市场化逻辑是合作社走向"公司化"的重要制度原因;第二,上述两大制度逻辑同合作社的法定形式存在冲突并由此带来制度不兼容、组织非效率和利益错配三大制度矛盾;第三,三大制度矛盾分别提供内生驱动力、制度资源和自主的行动者,从而导致合作社的"公司化"。

In order to answer the question why farmers’ specialized cooperatives become "corporatization", this paper firstlyclassifiesthe "corporatization"of cooperativesto the theoretical category of organizational form change, and then builds an analytical framework from a perspectiveof neo-institutionalismabout howinstitutionallogics result in cooperatives’ organizational form change,and finallythe method of explanatory case study is used for the empirical analysis. Conclusions are as follow: 1) agricultural industrialization logic and agricultural marketization logic are two institutional ones that affect farmers’ specialized cooperatives significantly;2) the above two institutional logics conflict with "farmers’ specialized cooperatives law"and bring about three institutional contradictions-interinstitutional incompatibility, organizational inefficiency and misaligned interests;3) the three institutional contradictions provide endogenous driving force, institutional resources and autonomous actorsrespectively, thus contributing tothe "corporatization" of cooperatives.