中国话语建构：来自哲学的分析

Chinese Discourse Construction: An Analysis from Philosophy

话语是对"现实"的说明和解释,反应了人们对"现实"的认识,话语变革的目的在于让话语符合"现实",而不能走向对"现存"的简单辩护。不过,"现实"是建立在"感性的人的活动"基础上的过程集合体,话语理应根据"现实"的变化而不断变化。话语对"现实"的反映不是复写,而是以理论为中介,话语是思想的直接现实,要在理论创新的基础上推动话语创新,这是中国革命和建设话语演变历程的基本经验。话语变迁也有其自身特点,但从苏联教科书哲学话语失败的教训来看,不能夸大话语的"相对独立性",而应该在坚持实践第一的原则上不断切中"现实"。

Discourse is an explanation of"reality",which reflects people's understanding of"reality".The purpose of discourse reform is to make the discourse conform to"reality",but not to simply defend"existing".However,"reality"is a collection of processes based on"perceptual human activities",and the discourse should change according to the change of"reality".The reflection of discourse on"reality"is not a copy,but uses theory as the medium.Discourse is the direct reality of thought.To promote discourse innovation on the basis of theoretical innovation is the basic experience of the evolution of the Chinese revolution and the development of discourse.Discourse change also has its own characteristics,but judging from the failure of the Soviet textbook philosophy discourse,the"relative independence"of discourse cannot be exaggerated and the"reality"should be continuously cut in on the principle of adherence to practice first.