职责同构视角下运动式环境治理常规化的形成与转型——以S市大气污染防治为案例

A Study on the Formation and Transformation of Routine Campaign-Style Environmental Governance from the Perspective of Isomorphic Responsibility: Taking S City’s Air Pollution Prevention as a Case

运动式治理因具有动员能力强、整合效率高等优势,受到了我国各级政府的偏爱,目前已呈现出常规化的趋势。文章以S市大气污染防治为例,对运动式环境治理常规化的演进过程进行系统归纳,主要从"职责同构"的视角分析了这一现象产生并走向异化的体制动力。结合S市的实践来看,中央通过控制-激励-谈判三重路径开展自上而下的资源动员,为地方采取运动式治理提供了初始动力。而地方动员的方式逐渐被贯穿于小组运作、会议召开、专项行动和经验总结过程中的治理技术同化。文章认为,这一模式在取得一定成绩的同时也产生了执行过程中的异化与扭曲。长远来看,运动式治理有待于通过"确权"与"确责"等形式完善政府职责体系,进而从"强控制-负激励-弱谈判"式的动员模式向"间接控制-正向激励-合理谈判"的新路径转型。

Due to its strong mobilization ability and high integration efficiency, campaign-style governance has been favored by governments at all levels in China, and has shown a trend of routinization. Based on the existing achievements, the article takes the air pollution prevention and control in S city as a case, systematically summarizes the evolution process of routine campaign-style governance, and analyzes the institutional motivation mainly from the perspective of Isomorphic Responsibility. Combined with the practice of S city, the central government carried out top-down resource mobilization through the triple path of control-incentive-negotiation, which provided the initial motivation for local governments to take campaign-style governance. And the local mobilization approach is gradually being integrated into the governance techniques of group operations, conferences, special actions, and experience summarization. This mode has achieved certain results while also producing alienation and distortion in the process of implementation. Therefore, in the long run, campaign-style governance needs to be transformed from the current mobilization mode of "strong control-negative incentive-weak negotiation" to the new path of "indirect control-positive incentive-reasonable negotiation". To complete this transformation, it is necessary to improve the government responsibility system on the basis of "power confirmation" and "responsibility confirmation".