从传统数据到大数据+的人居环境研究进展

Research progress on human settlements:From traditional data to big data+

伴随着城市化的快速推进,环境问题日益突出,人居环境研究已成为学术界关注的热点。论文以CNKI和Web of Science数据库中关于人居环境的文献为基础,结合CiteSpace软件分析国内外人居环境研究的热点领域,探讨其数据获取方式、研究方法与技术、研究视角3个方面。结果表明:①数据获取方式由传统的抽样调查和官方统计向卫星遥感、电子设备感知及互联网等大数据靠拢,实现传统统计数据向网络大数据获取的转变;②研究方法日趋完善,注重问卷调查、新地理计量模型与GIS相结合,同时引入物联网大数据、人工智能等先进技术,使研究方法更加多样、研究结果更加准确;③社会感知、乡村振兴、拟态人居等成为近年来的研究方向。今后,人居环境研究应综合利用传统方式和现代化技术手段获取的数据,深度学习挖掘大数据,加强乡村振兴、虚拟人居环境等方面的研究。

With the rapid development of urbanization, environmental issues have become increasingly prominent, and research on human settlements has become a hot topic in academia. Based on the literature about human settlements in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and Web of Science databases, this study analyzed the important research areas of human settlements in China and internationally with CiteSpace software, and discussed the progress of data acquisition methods, research methods and technologies, and research perspectives. The results show that: 1) The data acquisition method has changed from traditional sampling survey and official statistics acquisition to satellite remote sensing, equipment perception, thus realizing the transformation of traditional data to network big data acquisition. 2) The research methods are becoming increasingly more advanced, focusing on the combination of questionnaire survey, new geometrics models, and GIS, and introducing advanced technologies such as Internet of Things big data and artificial intelligence to make research methods more diverse and research results more accurate. 3) Social perception,rural revitalization, and mimicry of human habitat have become the research directions in recent years. In the future, the study of human settlements should make comprehensive use of the data acquired by traditional methods and modern technological means, learn and mine big data at much greater depth, and strengthen the study of rural revitalization and virtual human settlements.