新型冠状病毒肺炎患者护理中的防护问题与应对方法

Protection Problems and Coping Strategies for Nursing Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Patients

目的了解护理人员在护理2019新型冠状病毒(2019 novel Coronavirus,2019-nCoV)感染肺炎患者时的防护问题,并总结应对方法,以期为制订防护策略提供参考。方法总结动静脉穿刺、雾化吸入、吸痰护理、咽拭子标本采集、气管插管、机械通气等工作中存在的操作问题以及医护人员在使用防护用具中的具体问题,并提出有针对性地解决方法。结果动静脉穿刺时要尽可能采用静脉留置针并要做好保护工作;雾化吸入时要避免气溶胶的产生和聚集;机械通气时要注意做好防护和消毒;采集咽拭子标本时,要选择合适的采集用具,并做好密封送检工作。由于医护人员与新型冠状病毒肺炎患者密切接触,需严格执行标准预防规范,做好手卫生和个人防护物品的穿戴,最大可能避免感染发生。结论针对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者护理问题的应对方法,合理且操作性强,可为护士执行此类疫情工作提供借鉴。

Objective To understand the protection problems of nurses in nursing patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP),and to summarize the response methods,in order to provide a reference for the formulation of protection strategies.Methods The operation problems during arteriovenous puncture,atomization inhalation,sputum suction nursing,pharyngeal culture collection,tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were summarized,as well as the specific problems of medical staff in the use of protective equipment,and the targeted solutions were proposed.Results Intravenous indwelling needle should be used as much as possible and protection work should be done well during arteriovenous puncture.Aerosol generation and accumulation should be avoided during atomization inhalation.Protection and disinfection should be done well during mechanical ventilation.When collecting pharyngeal culture samples,appropriate collection tools should be selected and sealed for inspection.As health care providers were closely contacted by NCP patients,strict precautionary rules should be strictly implemented.A good hand hygiene and wearing personal protective equipment should be done to avoid infection as much as possible.Conclusions The coping strategies for nursing NCP patients are reasonable and highly operational,which can provide the reference for nurses.