积极应对方式在儿科护士社会支持与心理健康关系中的中介作用

The Intermediary Role of Positive Coping Style in the Relationship between Social Support and Mental Health of Pediatric Nurses

目的探讨儿科护士社会支持、应对方式与心理健康的关系。方法2018年10-11月,方便抽样法选取重庆某三级甲等儿童医院381名儿科护士为研究对象,使用社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式量表、90项症状清单(symptom checklist-90,SCL-90),对其社会支持、应对方式及心理健康状况进行调查。结果儿科护士社会支持总分与SCL-90总分及除偏执外的各因子分呈负相关(r=-0.20^-0.10,均P<0.05),积极应对方式与SCL-90总分及各因子分呈负相关(r=-0.32^-0.19,均P<0.01),消极应对方式与SCL-90总分及各因子分呈正相关(r=0.19~0.26,均P<0.01)。路径分析结果显示,社会支持对积极应对方式有正向预测作用(路径系数β=0.45,P<0.01),对SCL-90总分的直接效应不明显(路径系数β=-0.04);积极应对方式对SCL-90总分有负向预测作用(路径系数β=-0.31,P<0.01),消极应对方式对SCL-90总分有正向预测作用(路径系数β=0.28,P<0.01)。结论积极应对方式在社会支持与心理健康之间起完全中介作用,社会支持通过促进积极应对方式来提高个人心理健康水平。

Objective To study the relational model of pediatric nurses’social support,coping styles and mental health status.Methods From October to November 2018,381 pediatric nurses from a children’s Hospital in Chongqing were selected by convenience sampling method to investigate their social support,coping style and mental health using social support rating scale,simple coping style scale and symptom checklist-90(SCL-90).Results The total score of social support of pediatric nurses was negatively correlated with the total score of SCL-90(r:-0.20 to-0.10,all P<0.05)(except for paranoia),the positive coping style was negatively correlated with the total score of SCL-90 and each factor score(r:-0.32 to-0.19,all P<0.01),the negative coping style was positively correlated with the total score of SCL-90 and each factor score(r:0.19 to 0.26,all P<0.01).The results of path analysis showed that social support had a positive predictive effect on the positive coping style(path coefficientβ=0.45,P<0.01),but had no significant direct effect on the total score of SCL-90(path coefficientβ=-0.04);the positive coping style had a negative predictive effect on the total score of SCL-90(path coefficientβ=-0.31,P<0.01),and the negative coping style had a positive predictive effect on the total score of SCL-90(path coefficientβ=0.28,P<0.01).Conclusions Positive coping style plays an intermediary role between social support and mental health.Social support improves the level of personal mental health by promoting positive coping style.