宁波市25岁及以上人群高体质指数归因死亡和对期望寿命的影响

Effects of attributable death caused by high body mass index on life expectancy in adults (≥25 years old) of Ningbo city

目的了解2015年宁波市25岁及以上人群高体质指数(BMI)对死亡和期望寿命的影响,为慢性病干预政策的制定和实施提供依据。方法利用2015年宁波市成人慢性病监测调查身高体重数据、2015年宁波市死因监测数据、人口统计数据和2015年全球疾病负担研究中高BMI相关疾病结局及其相对危险度数据,计算宁波市25岁及以上人群高BMI相关疾病的归因分值,进而得到高BMI造成的归因死亡数和期望寿命损失年。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行χ^2检验。结果 2015年宁波市25岁及以上人群归因于高BMI死亡人数约为1 579人,占25岁及以上人群总死亡的4.15%,其中男性752人(3.51%),女性827人(4.97%)。高BMI造成的相关疾病死亡前5位分别是高血压性心脏病(414人)、出血性脑卒中(226人)、缺血性心脏病(213人)、糖尿病(201人)和缺血性脑卒中(131人)。2015年宁波市25岁及以上人群高BMI导致的期望寿命损失为0.400岁,其中男性期望寿命损失为0.353岁,女性为0.455岁。城市期望寿命损失为0.363岁,农村为0.422岁。结论高BMI造成严重的疾病负担,是影响宁波市居民死亡和期望寿命损失的重要因素,应提高人群身体活动,控制体重,提高居民健康水平。

Objective To understand the effects of attributed deaths caused by high body mass index(BMI) on life expectancy(LE) in adults (≥25 years old) of Ningbo city, and to provide the basis for interfering measures of chronic diseases. Methods The data of BMI from adult chronic disease surveillance survey of Ningbo in 2015, the data of death surveillance of Ningbo in2015, the demographic data and the high BMI related disease outcome and relative risk data of Global Burden of Disease Study in2015 were used to calculate the attribution score of high BMI related diseases in adults (≥25 years old) of Ningbo city and obtain the attributable deaths and years of LE loss due to high BMI. The χ^2 test was used to analyze the data, the used software was SPSS19.0. Results In 2015, 1 579 deaths were attributable to high BMI in adults (≥25 years old) of Ningbo city, which was 4.15% of total deaths(male:752 deaths, 3.51%;female:827 deaths, 4.97%). The top 5 deaths of related diseases caused by high BMI were hypertensive heart disease(414), hemorrhagic stroke(226), ischemic heart disease(213), diabetes(201) and ischemic stroke(131). In 2015, the LE loss due to high BMI in adults(≥25 years old) of Ningbo city was 0.400 years(male:0.353 years,female: 0.455 years). The LE loss due to high BMI in adults (≥25 years old) of urban area was 0.363 years, the LE loss due to high BMI in adults(≥25 years old) of rural area was 0.422 years. Conclusion High BMI results in serious disease burden, which is an important factor leading to death and LE loss in residents of Ningbo, the physical activity in residents should be improved for controlling weight and increasing the health level in residents.