3D ECM凝胶支架对干细胞或祖细胞来源心脏细胞行为的影响

Effects of 3D ECM Hydrogel on Behaviors of Cardiac Cells Derived from Stem Cells or Progenitor Cells

细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)是一种高度动态的结构,参与细胞增殖、迁移和分化等的调节过程。利用ECM构建的三维(three dimension,3D)培养体系能够模拟体内微环境,促进干细胞或祖细胞来源诱导性心肌细胞(induced cardiomyocytes,iCMs)的成熟和功能化;ECM与3D打印相结合能够促进心脏类器官的生成和应用;外科移植ECM补丁至受损心脏有利于改善其结构和功能。但体内、外研究表明,心脏修复的整体效率低下,ECM与细胞间的作用机制有待进一步探究。该文综述了ECM的组成、重构和功能,水凝胶的成分(ECM来源、组成比例)和弹性模量以及微脉管系统等对3D培养体系中心脏细胞行为的影响,阐述了ECM在3D打印技术和受损心脏体内修复中的应用,为心脏再生修复、疾病模型构建、药物筛选和发育机理探讨等研究奠定基础。

Extracellular matrix(ECM)is a highly dynamic structure,which regulates the cellular proliferation,migration and differentiation etc.3D hydrogel culture system created with cardiac ECM simulates microenvironment of heart in vivo,which promotes the maturation and functionalization of induced cardiomyocytes(iCMs)derived from stem cells or progenitor cells.ECM combines with 3D printed technology to promote the construction and applications of cardiac organoid.ECM patch also can be transplanted into damaged heart to improve its structure and functions.However,the efficiencies in repair of damaged heart with those strategies in vitro and in vivo are low,furthermore,the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.Therefore,the composition,remodeling and functions of ECM,effects of histologic origins,biochemical compositions,physical properties and micro-vascular systems of 3D ECM hydrogels on behaviors of cardiac cells generated from stem cells or progenitor cells,applications of ECM on 3D printed technology and transplant in vivo for repairing the damaged heart were reviewed in this paper in order to lay the foundation for cell therapy,disease modeling,drug screening,exploration of development mechanism and so on.