沈阳市城区养老机构失智老人接收情况及环境评估

Reception and Environmental Assessment of the Elderly with Dementia in the Nursing Home in Shenyang Urban District

着眼于养老机构对失智老人的接收情况及其居住环境评估,旨在把握沈阳市失智老人被照护现状。首先对沈阳市九城区148所在册养老机构进行电话询问、实地走访,发现接收失智老人的床位数存在很大不足,并且存在拒绝接收中重度失智老人的现象。运用TESS-NH量表进行环境评估,结果表明在环境清洁情况、设备维修管理及噪音控制、扶手、地板铺面及材质等方面,支援程度普遍较高;在隐私性、生活单元自主性、户外空间的吸引力及功能性、社交环境、温馨居家感的营造方面的环境支援考虑不足,尤其在失智老人的照护模式、出入口的控制、优质的视觉/触觉刺激、导向及辨识性等特殊需求层面的针对性设计严重欠缺。

This study focuses on the reception of the elderly with dementia and their living environment assessment by the nursing home,aiming to grasp the current situation of care of the elderly with dementia in Shenyang.Telephone interview and field survey were conducted to 148 nursing home in Shenyang urban district,then found that the rate of acceptance of elderly with dementia is relatively high,but the number of the elderly care beds for receiving elderly with dementia still has a large deficiency,and there is a phenomenon of refusing to accept moderate and severe dementia who are most in need of care.The status quo of dementia is not optimistic.Using TESS-NH scale to evaluate the care environment,it shows that the degree of support was generally high in terms of cleanliness,maintenance and noise,handrails,the floor surface.The degree of support is insufficient in terms of privacy and unit autonomy,attractiveness and function of courtyard,socialization,and familiarity/home likeness.Especially in the care mode of dementia,exit control,visual/tactile stimulation,orientation/cueing,there is a serious lack of targeted design.