佛山市第一人民医院2014-2016年医务人员血源性职业暴露监测分析及干预

Analysis and intervention of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens among health care workers in The First People's Hospital of Foshan Hospital from 2014 to 2016

目的分析佛山市第一人民医院三年医务人员血源性职业暴露监测情况,了解发生职业暴露的分布和特点,探索下一阶段血源性职业暴露预防和控制工作的关键点。方法监测2014年1月至2016年12月全院发生的医务人员职业暴露共232例次,追踪并分析包括职业暴露发生岗位分布、暴露原因、暴露源等。结果实习生发生的血源性职业暴露呈下降趋势,从2014年的43.37%下降至2016年的24.29%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.114,P=0.047)。工龄小于1年的医务人员发生的血源性职业暴露呈下降趋势,由2014年的69.88%下降至2016年的50.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.702,P=0.035),暴露源的乙型肝炎病毒所占比例,从2014年的60.00%下降至2016年的49.04%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.453,P=0.040)。结论加强实习生和新入职医务人员的培训教育的措施,对控制实习生和新入职医务人员的血源性职业暴露切实有效。

Objective To analyze the bloodborne pathogens occupational exposure trend of among health care workers in The First People’s Hospital of Foshan in three years,to explore the characteristic and strategy of control the occupational exposure.Methods Surveillance the bloodborne pathogens occupational exposure among health care workers from January 2014 to December 2016.Work experience,occupation,department,major cause,and source of occupational exposure were analyzed.Results Significant annually decreasing tendency was found on occupational exposure rate of medical intern,from 43.37%to 24.29%(χ^2=6.114,P=0.047).The rate of bloodborne pathogens occupational exposure among health care workers in less than 1 year work experience was decreasing significantly from 69.88%to 50.00%(χ^2=6.702,P=0.035).The HBV source of occupational exposure rate was decreasing significantly from 60.00%to 49.04%(χ^2=6.453,P=0.040).Conclusion A long-term and specific training for medical intern and new recruits health care workers would decrease the bloodborne pathogens occupational exposure efficiently.