活性多糖提取纯化及结构解析的研究进展

A review about the research of extraction,purification and structure analysis of active polysaccharide

多糖是来源于植物、动物、微生物中的一类天然大分子化合物,具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗氧化、降血糖等多种药理活性。多糖来源广泛,安全性高,具有广阔的开发应用前景。但多糖提取、纯化方法重现性差,不易得到高纯度的均一多糖,常用的结构解析方法难以得到确切的结构信息,导致多糖构效关系及作用机制尚不明确,极大地阻碍了多糖类药物的研发。文章将活性多糖的提取、纯化和结构解析的方法和技术进行综述,以期推动专属性更强,效率更高的分离纯化及结构解析方法的建立,为构效关系研究提供依据,并为多糖类药物研发提供参考。

Active polysaccharide derived from animals,vegetation and microorganism medicinal materials,which is a macromolecular compound that has immunoregulation,antitumor,antiviral,antioxidant,hyperglycemic and other activities.Active polysaccharide has wide source,and high safety,which has broad prospects.However,the research methods of polysaccharide has such disadvantages as poor reproducibility of extraction and purification methods,immaturity of structure analysis methods,unclear of functional mechanism and structure-function relationship.Therefore,we summarized the isolation,purification methods and structure analysis technologies of active polysaccharide,in order to provide reference for design research progress and development of new purification methods in the industrial production,and provide evidence for the mechanism of action study of polysaccharides in vivo.