紫禁城古建筑中金砖墁地施工技艺

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES OF PAVING FLOOR WITH GOLDEN BRICK IN BUILDINGS IN THE FORBIDDEN CITY

金砖是产于江苏省苏州市的一种方砖,其制作工序繁杂,质量坚固耐用。紫禁城现存很多宫殿建筑的地面均为金砖墁地。紫禁城古建筑金砖墁地主要工序包括处理垫层、定标高、冲趟、样趟、揭趟、浇浆、上缝、铲尺缝、刹趟、打点、墁水活、泼墨钻生等。上述工序要求极其严格,铺墁的地面坚固耐久,光亮如新,体现了紫禁城古建筑精湛的施工技艺。

Golden brick belongs to a type of clay brick in Suzhou City,Jiangsu Province.Due to complicated manufacture process,this type of brick owns excellent quality.Many palaces in the Forbidden City have golden brick paving floors.The paving process of the golden brick floor includes cushion layer treatment,elevation of the brick surface determination,the sample rows in orthogonal direction paving,checking the floor,pouring mortar,jointing,repairing the defective locations,buffing the brick surface with water,pouring decoration material and so on.The whole process is strictly demanded,and the floor is paved firmly,durable and lightful,which reflects the exquisite construction skill of the buildings in the Forbidden City.