高速公路中央分隔带易开型防撞活动护栏碰撞仿真

Impact Simulation of Easy-opening Impact Avoidance Movable Guardrail of Expressway Median

针对目前国内高速公路中央分隔带开口处活动护栏所存在的安全隐患,提出了一种中央分隔带活动护栏型式,并建立了新型活动护栏的有限元模型。基于HYPERMESH与LS-DYNA软件平台,以HYPERMESH进行前处理,LS-DYNA作为求解器,采用1.5 t皮卡车和10 t货车的有限元模型,分别以侧向碰撞角度20°、速度100 km/h和碰撞角度20°、速度60 km/h为碰撞条件进行了汽车-护栏碰撞仿真。仿真结果表明,该活动护栏满足160 kJ碰撞能量的Am级防撞要求;三向加速度均不大于规定值20 g,最大动态横向位移均小于规定值1.5 m。此新型高速公路中央分隔带活动护栏可以有效地阻挡车辆,并且对车辆具有导向性,使车辆回到正确的行驶方向,在保障乘员安全同时还能减少对车辆的损坏。

A new movable guardrail of central separation zone was proposed aiming at the hidden danger in those existing movable guardrail in the opening of expressway median in China,and finite element modeling of the new dynamic guardrail was established.Impact simulation of vehicle-guardrail was carried out based on HYPERMESH and LS-DYNA software,where HYPERMESH is the pre-processing,and LS-DYNA is the solver.The finite element model of 1.5 t pickup and 10 t truck were adopted with the lateral impact angle 20°,and the impact velocity were 100 km/h and 60 km/h,respectively.Simulation results showed that this movable guardrail met the Am level impact avoidance requirement,where the impact energy is 160 kJ.The acceleration of three directions were all not greater than the specified value of 20 g,and maximum dynamic lateral displacement were all less than the specified value of 1.5 m.This new type movable guardrail in expressway median can block vehicles effectively,guide vehicles return to their correct driving direction,and reduce vehicle damage while ensuring the safety of passengers.