杨家将戏曲中杨业形象的退位与缺场

On the Withdrawal and Disappearance of the Image of Yang Ye in the Operas about the Generals of the Yang Family

杨业是杨家将中影响最大的历史人物,然而杨家将戏曲中对杨业事迹的直接表现过少,杨业的一些传奇经历也很少出现在戏曲中。杨家将戏曲中杨业形象逐步退位与缺场,主要由于:一、杨家将戏曲总体上非曲史剧写法,而是英雄传奇剧、政治教化剧写法;二、杨业结局悲剧意味过重,而人们更愿意观赏表现杨家将忠勇善战内容的戏;三、杨业归宋之前的传奇经历和忠于大宋王朝的主题不符;四、杨业父子救驾的故事因禁演帝王的律令而很少上演。

Yang Ye is commonly known as the most influential character in the generals of the Yang family in the Northern Song Dynasty,but his legend is seldom represented in the operas about the generals of the Yang family.The withdrawal and disappearance of his image in the operas can be attributed to the following four reasons.Firstly,the operas are generally composed from the perspectives of heroic romance and political education instead of historical record.Secondly,the Yangs'victorious valiance on the stage is preferred by the audience rather than the real Yang Ye's tragic ending.Thirdly,Yang Ye's fight against the Northern Song Dynasty before his surrender and service undermines his image of feudal loyalty.Fourthly,the story of the Yangs'rescue of the Song Emperor is hardly staged due to the ban of the imperial type.