林下植被管理措施对杉木大径材林土壤细菌群落结构的影响

Effects of undergrowth vegetation management measures on the soil bacterial community structure of large diameter timber plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata

林下植被是人工林生态系统的重要组成部分。本研究采用高通量测序技术,分析林下植被保留、林下植被去除和林下套种3种林下植被管理措施对杉木大径材人工林土壤细菌多样性、细菌群落结构组成以及相对丰度的影响,并分析土壤理化性质与细菌群落多样性的关系。结果表明:林下植被保留处理的土壤细菌群落Chao1指数、Ace指数和Shannon指数高于林下植被去除和林下套种;放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门为本研究区杉木人工林土壤主要优势细菌;与林下植被去除和林下套种处理杉木人工林土壤细菌群落相比,林下植被保留处理土壤变形菌门、浮霉菌门、厚壁菌门和疣微菌门等相对丰度较高,而放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度较低;3种林下植被管理措施之间,土壤厚壁菌门、浮霉菌门、疣微菌门、Parcubacteria门和放线菌门等类群相对丰度差异显著;土壤含水率、全氮、全磷、水解氮和速效磷含量是影响细菌群落结构的重要因子,细菌多样性指数与土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、水解氮和速效钾含量呈显著正相关。

Given the importance of undergrowth vegetation to plantation ecosystem, this study analyzed the effects of three kinds of understory management measures, including understory preservation, understory removal, and interplanting, on the soil bacterial diversity, community structure and relative abundance under large diameter timber plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata using high-throughput sequencing technology. The relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and bacterial community diversity were analyzed. The results showed that Chao1, Ace and Shannon indices of soil bacterial communities of understory preservation were higher than those of understory removal and interplanting. Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi were the dominant bacteria groups in the soil of C. lanceolata plantation. Compared with understory removal and interplanting, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia in the soil of understory preservation was relatively high, while that of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi was relatively low. There were significant differences in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Parcubacteria and Actinobacteria among three understory management measures. The contents of moisture, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil were important factors affecting soil bacterial community structure. Soil bacterial diversity indices had significant positive correlation with the contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in the soil.