村镇工厂与农村女性反贫困研究

Study on Anti-Poverty Efforts among Rural Women in Village and Town Factories

以女性为主的农村留守人口现实状况使得以就业为目标的村镇工厂扶贫在客观上具备了性别化特征。在遵循家庭内传统性别分工的基础上,村镇工厂的产业属性、务工门槛、就业灵活性和就业距离等特征很好地衔接了农村贫困女性通过务工实现增收的现实需求,但村镇工厂面临的多方面困境使得其在推动女性反贫困方面需要处理潜在危机。充分吸收乡镇企业发展的历史经验、具有明确性别意识的反贫困政策、统筹协调的发展机制、多层次的利益联结机制以及公共服务和劳动保护的改善是主要的政策发展方向。

The reality of the rural left-behind population,which is dominated by women,makes the poverty alleviation work in villages and towns with employment objectively have a gendered characteristics. Based on the existing division of labour,because of the nature of industrial attributes,thresholds for work,employment flexibility and employment distance,village and town factories respond to the real need for poor rural women to increase their income through work. While the multifaceted dilemmas faced by village and town factories make it necessary to tackle potential crises in promoting anti-poverty about rural women. Fully absorbing the historical experience of the development of township enterprises,clear gender-sensitive anti-poverty policies,integrated and coordinated development mechanisms,multilevel interest linkage mechanisms,and the improvement of public services and labor protection are main direction of public policy development.