粮食收储制度改革以来东北地区粮食质量提升情况与政策建议

Grain Quality Improvement in Northeast China since the Grain Storage System Reform and Reform Proposals

粮食收储制度改革为我国推进粮食生产由增产导向转向提质导向创造了条件。东北地区是我国最大的玉米、大豆和优质粳稻产区,也是我国粮食收储制度改革的先行地区。2016-2018年,东北地区粮食总产量高位增长,伴随着区域布局优化,玉米、大豆质量逐步改善,稻谷质量显著提高。优质优价市场信号的释放、补贴政策的导向性和连续性是影响农户提高粮食质量的主要因素。要坚持市场化改革的方向、增强补贴政策的导向性和连续性、提升小农户的组织化程度以深化粮食收储制度改革,继续推进粮食生产由增产导向转向提质导向。

Grain storage system reform has created conditions for promoting grain production from increasing production to improving quality. Northeast China is not only the largest corn,soybean and high-quality japonica producing area in our country,but also the experiment plot of China’s grain storage system reform. From2016 to 2018,the total grain yield in Northeast China increased at higher level,and the quality of maize and soybean has been improved gradually along with the optimized regional layout and the quality of rice was improved significantly. The market signal release of high quality accompanied by high price and the orientation and continuity of subsidy policy are the main factors that affect farmers’ awareness of raising grain quality. In order to continue to promote grain production from increasing production to improving quality,it should adhere to the direction of market-oriented reform,to strengthen the orientation and continuity of subsidy policy,to enhance the organization degree of small farmers.