基于观众视角的西方竞赛表演产业研究综述

A Literature Review on Spectator Sports Conducting by Western Scholars

作为体育产业领域最具体育本质特征的核心业态,竞赛表演业是中外学者长期关注的重要研究议题。通过对近年来国外赛事领域相关文献的回顾和梳理发现,西方学者的研究主要集中于观众人口统计学特征、观赛动机与需求、赛事产品认知与消费、多变量间的因果路径关系等方面。相关研究呈现如下特点:丰富且立体的研究视角、实证主义的研究范式和多元化的研究方法。针对我国竞赛表演产业研究的启示与建议:1)注重研究视域的本土化和赛事消费相关概念的操作化;2)谨慎借鉴赛事理论模型,结合国内赛事发展实际进行必要的模型修正;3)借鉴实证主义研究范式,通过直觉观察和发现问题,诉诸科学方法分析和解决问题。

Spectator sports is the core product of sport industry which represents the initial characteristic of sport.As such,numerous researchers have highlighted the importance of spectator sports over the last several decades.Through reviewing foreign literatures in the context of spectator sports,the paper found out that western scholars mainly focused on spectator demographic,motivation and market demand,perceptions and consumptions,casual relationships between multi-variables.Three characteristics of research papers were identified:multi-dimensional research perspectives;positivist research paradigm and diversified research methods.Several theoretical implications were proposed:1)focusing on local fields of spectator sports and operational conception;2)modifying the theoretical models carefully if necessary;3)drawing on positivist paradigm to find and solve problems through intuition and scientific principles.