不同属性技术农户行为选择差异分析——以安徽四大名茶种植户为例

An Analysis of Impacts of Farmers’Endowments on their Selection of Production Technologies:Taking Planters of Four Famous Teas in Anhui Province as an Example

安徽四大名茶种植户的调查数据显示,在农户禀赋特征差异的基础上,不同属性技术农户行为选择也存在差异:风险偏好对农户技术选择行为的影响最显著;劳动力禀赋对增劳型技术的影响主要取决于劳动力需求类型,对人力资本需求较高的新品种技术影响显著,对体力型劳动力需求较高的有机肥施用技术影响不显著;资本禀赋对增资型技术影响主要取决于技术类型,对资本密集型的机械制茶技术影响显著,对劳动密集型的新品种技术影响不显著。应加大对小众化特色农业的政策支持和福利补贴,引导农户根据技术需求类型采用选择性技术转嫁新技术应用带来的风险,利用自身的比较优势规避因资源要素稀缺和禀赋特征不足而形成的技术推广与应用困境。

The survey data of the planters of four famous teas in Anhui province shows that differences in famers’endowments can lead to differences in their selection of production technologies.Firstly,risk preference has the most significant impact on their selection.Secondly,the impact of laboring ability on labor-increasing technologies mainly depends on the types of labor demand,and it has a significant impact on the new products and technologies that have a high demand for human capital,but not on the technology of applying organic fertilizer that has a high demand for physical labor.Thirdly,the impact of capital base on capital-increasing technologies mainly depends on the types of technologies,and it has a significant impact on the capital intensive technology of mechanical tea making,but not on the labor intensive new products and technologies.It is necessary to increase policy support and subsidy for the agriculture with minority characteristics,guide farmers to adopt selective technologies according to the types of technology requirement to transfer the risks brought by the application of new technologies,and make use of advantages to avoid the dilemma of technology popularization and application caused by the deficiency of resources and endowments.