金属铀电子束熔炼实验及数值模拟研究

Experimental and Numerical Studies of Electron Beam Melting of Uranium

采用有限元方法对金属铀电子束熔炼过程进行数值模拟,研究了熔炼过程温度场分布。结果表明,单电子束枪熔炼时,熔池中的等温线近似呈半椭圆形,随着电子束功率增加,熔池温度增大,坩埚中被熔化的金属增多。采用双电子束枪熔炼时,可以获得更均匀的温度场,且当电子束功率大于25 kW时,可获得较大的熔池深度和宽度。根据数值模拟结果开展贫化铀电子束熔炼试验,获得的贫化铀铸锭中夹杂物主要集中在铸锭边缘,夹杂物含量明显降低。

A numerical simulation was performed for the electron beam melting(EBM)process of uranium by using finite element method,for investigating the temperature field distribution.Results show that,the molten pool isotherm approximately follows a semi-elliptical curve when using single electron beam gun.As electron-beam power increases,the molten pool temperature increases and there are more molten metals in the crucible.While melting with a dual electron-beam gun can lead to a more uniform temperature field,and as electron beam power is more than 25 kW,a deeper and wider molten pool can be obtained.And the EBM test for the depleted uranium based on the above simulation results show that the inclusion in the depleted uranium ingot is mainly concentrated on the edge of the ingot,and the inclusion content has been remarkably reduced.