美国一流大学本科教育的研究及其启迪——基于CNKI期刊的知识图谱分析

The Research and Enlightenment of Undergraduate Education in First-class American Universities: Knowledge Map Analysis Based on the CNKI Periodicals

通过分析CNKI数据库中1996-2019年所刊的关于美国一流大学本科教育的相关研究论文,运用CiteSpace的信息可视化技术绘制知识图谱,系统梳理和解析了美国一流本科教育的发展概况、研究热点及演进趋势,从而揭示了美国一流大学本科教育的基本态势,为我国一流本科教育的优化建设提炼出如下合理借鉴:要完善教学和科研相平衡的教师晋升奖励机制,夯实教授给本科生授课制度;革新本科课程设置,增设通识教育课程;加强本科生科研训练,注重创新性人才培养;推进本科教育的学科专业一体化发展。这是抓好我国新时代一流本科教育的优先举措。

Based on the relevant research papers of undergraduate education in first-class universities in the United States published in CNKI database from 1996 to 2019,This paper uses the CiteSpace information visualization technology to draw knowledge maps.Meanwhile,the paper sorts out and analyzes the development situation,hot spots and evolution trend of first-class undergraduate education in the United States systematically.Thereby,it reveals the basic situation of first-class undergraduate education in the United States,and extracts the following reasonable references for the optimization and construction of first-class undergraduate education in China.We should improve the teacher promotion and reward mechanism which balances teaching and scientific research,and consolidate the teaching system of professors to undergraduates as well;we should reform the settings of undergraduate courses and increase the general education curriculum;we should strengthen scientific research training of the undergraduates,and pay more attention to the cultivation of innovative talents;we should promote the integration of disciplines and specialties in undergraduate education.These are priority measures to improve the first-class undergraduate education in this new era of China.