三维空间椭圆信道模型及其均匀矩形阵列研究

Research on Three-dimensional Space Elliptic Channel Model and Its Uniform Rectangular Array

为研究无线多输入多输出(MIMO)系统信道特性,在考虑无线信道模型的信号传播复杂性与空间性的基础上,提出一种适用于户外环境的三维空间椭圆信道模型,并在其收发端设置均匀矩形阵列(URA)。利用该模型分析MIMO天线系统性能,推导出到达角、到达时间的概率密度函数表达式,并研究影响URA空间相关性与信道容量的因素。理论分析与实验结果表明,在基于URA的三维空间椭圆信道模型中,方位扩展角(AS)是影响URA空间相关性的主要因素,而收发端天线间距也会对URA信道容量产生一定影响,该结论对于无线信道模型的应用范围扩展及天线阵列灵敏度分析具有重要的参考和借鉴价值。

To study the features of wireless Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)system channels,this paper proposes a three-dimensional elliptic channel model for outdoor environment that considers its complexity and spatiality of signal transmission.With a Uniform Rectangular Array(URA)set at its sending and receiving ends,this model is used to analyze the performance of the MIMO antenna system,and derive the expression of the probability density function of the Angle of Arrival(AOA)and the Time of Arrival(TOA).Also,the factors that affect Spatial Correlation(SC)and capacity of URA space are studied.Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that in an URA-based elliptic channel model in three-dimensional space,the Azimuth Spread(AS)is the main factor that affects spatial correlation,while the distance between antenna at the sending end and receiving end also affects the antenna system capacity.The result is important reference and significance to the expansion of three-dimensional channel model application and the analysis of antenna array sensitivity.