“医怒”如何产生?——消极医疗事件的责任归因对患方攻击性的影响

Why “Medical Rage”?The Influence of Responsibility Attribution of Negative Medical Events on Patients’ Violent Behaviors

基于韦纳的人际归因与责任推断模型,设置消极就医情景进行三因素被试间的实验设计,讨论就医事件严重性、结果可控性和个体卷入水平三个变量对患方归因与责任推断的影响。结果发现,事件严重性大小和事件结果可控性水平变量对责任变量、生气变量、批评变量、语言攻击和身体攻击变量均有显著作用,但对专家的信任度变量没有作用;卷入水平变量对批评变量、语言和身体攻击变量有显著影响,对责任变量、生气变量和对专家信任度变量没有作用。研究结果证明韦纳人际归因与责任推断模型适用于医患纠纷事件,也从责任归因视角为缓解医怒现象的产生提供了新的思路。

Based on Weiner’s interpersonal attribution and responsibility inference model,this study set up situational stories to control three independent variables: event size,event outcome controllability and involvement level. The results of this three-factor experiment between subjects showed that the variables of event size and event outcome controllability had effects on responsibility,anger,criticism,verbal attack and physical attack variables,but had no effect on the expert trust variable. The variable of involvement level had significant effects on the variables of criticism,verbal and physical aggressions,but had no effect on responsibility,anger,and expert trust. This study supports the application of Weiner’s interpersonal attribution and responsibility inference model in the investigation into doctorpatient disputes. It also provides a new way to interpret the medical rage in China and thus to relieve the tension between doctors and patients from the perspective of responsibility attribution.