压缩的政策空间:北京市流动人口家庭的教育困境与行动策略

Compressed Policy Space: The Educational Dilemma and Action Strategies of Migrant Families in Beijing

本文试图以"政策空间"和"行动策略"为理论框架,以北京市为例,探讨流动人口家庭在"两为主""异地高考""人口调控"等政策文本、政策部门、政策环境和政策资源所构建的政策空间内面临的教育困境以及采取的应对策略。研究发现:在北京市人口调控政策背景下,随迁子女的教育政策空间日渐紧缩,流动人口家庭面临"去"或"留"的教育困境,然而他们在子女求学和升学问题上并不是被动地接受种种制度安排,而是采取积极的行动策略,利用政策空间提供的诸多可能性,做出有利于自身发展的教育选择。

This study uses the theories of "policy space"and "action strategy"as the theoretical framework to explore the educational dilemma faced by the migrant families in Beijing amidst a series of policies known as "Two Mainlines","Off-Site Gaokao"and "Population Control",and to investigate the action strategies they adopt in response to these policies. Findings show that in the context of recent population control attempts in Beijing,the policy space for migrant children’s education has been increasingly compressed. Migrant families face the "return or stay"dilemma in terms of where their children can receive school education. However,they do not passively wait for institutional arrangements. Instead,they make use of the different possibilities in the policy space and take active measures to make optimal choices that suit them best.