郑州市城区悬铃木生长与健康状况调研

Study on Growth and Health Status of Platanus in Zhengzhou City

为研究郑州市城区道路行道树的生长及健康状况,以悬铃木为研究对象进行抽样调查。调查结果显示,郑州市城区悬铃木以中型植株为主,株高7.5~12.5 m的占比63.22%;胸径20.0~40.0 cm的占比57.46%;冠幅6.0~14.0 m的占比65.79%。郑州市内金水区大型悬铃木植株最多,生长状况最优,是道路林荫环境最好的区域。研究区内大部分植株处于“亚健康”和“生长维持”状态,Ⅰ级植株所占比例偏小,仅为7.33%,亚健康植株占比最大,近60%,频死植株占比10.86%。二七区、中原区、高新区3个城区的悬铃木健康状况优于其他城区,惠济区、金水区2个城区悬铃木的健康状况较差。在养护管理条件相似的情况下,立地条件较好的绿带植株整体健康水平优于树穴植株,大型悬铃木植株健康状况普遍优于中小型植株,乔、灌、草3层垂直结构的悬铃木的健康水平优于其它垂直结构,三板四带式道路结构类型的悬铃木植株健康水平最为优异。

In order to study the growth and health status of roadside trees in Zhengzhou City,the sampling survey on Platanus was conducted.The results showed that the Platanus in urban area of Zhengzhou City was dominated by medium-sized plants,with plant height of 7.5~12.5 m accounting for 63.22%,DBH of 20.0~40.0 cm accounting for 57.46%,crown diameter of 6.0~14.0 m accounting for 65.79%.The most large-scale Firmiana simplex in Jinshui District grew best and formed the best shading environment of roads.Most of the plants in the study area were in the“sub-health”and“growth maintenance”state.The proportion of grade I plants was small,only 7.33%.The proportion of sub-healthy plants was the largest,nearly 60%,and the proportion of frequently dead plants was 10.86%.The health status of Platanus in Erqi District,Zhongyuan District and High-tech Zone were better than that in other urban areas,while that in Huiji Dstrict and Jinshui District was worse.Under the similar conditions of maintenance and management,the overall health level of green belt plants with fine site conditions was better than that of tree-hole plants.The health status of large-scale plantations was generally better than that of small and medium-sized plantations.The health level of three-layer vertical structure of arbor,shrub and herb was better than that of other vertical structures,and the plantations health of three carriage with four green belts pattern was the best.