基于最优拉丁超立方设计的高速列车流线型头型减阻优化研究

Resistance Reduction of High Speed Train Streamline Head Based on Optimal Latin Hypercube Design

为研究流线型头型对高速列车气动阻力性能的影响特性,利用B-Spline曲面建立高速列车流线型头型三维参数化模型,并提取5个头型设计变量。在此基础上,结合最优拉丁超立方设计和计算流体力学方法,研究高速列车流线型头型控制型线对高速列车气动阻力的影响特性,确定出关键控制型线。计算结果表明:随着流线型头型控制型线的变化,高速列车气动阻力发生明显改变,变化范围为3183~3509 N,相对变化量约为10.2%。最优设计点头型下的气动阻力较原始头型降低3.5%。对高速列车气动阻力影响最为显著的控制型线为纵向对称线,其次是车底最大轮廓线和水平最大轮廓线,而鼻尖高度控制线和中部辅助控制线对高速列车气动阻力的影响相对较小。

In order to study the influence of streamline head on aerodynamic resistance performance of high speed train,a three-dimensional parametric model of streamline head of high speed train is established with Bspline surface,and five design variables are extracted.On this basis,combined with the optimal Latin hypercube design and computational fluid dynamics method,the influence characteristics of the streamline head control profile of high speed train on the aerodynamic resistance of high speed train are studied,and the key control profile is determined.The results show that the aerodynamic resistance of high speed train varies obviously with the change of streamline head control profile with range of variation of 3183~3509 N,and the relative variation is about 10.2%.The aerodynamic resistance of the optimal design head type is 3.5%lower than that of the original head type.The most significant control line influencing high speed train aerodynamic resistance is the longitudinal symmetry line,followed by the bottom maximum contour line and the horizontal maximum contour line,while the nose height control line and the middle auxiliary control line have relatively small impact on train aerodynamic resistance.