我国矿业政策回顾与展望

Outlook and Review of Mining Policy Changes in China

我国的矿业政策变化与社会经济发展、国家经济体制改革、矿产资源管理体制改革和立法变革密不可分。改革开放前,我国矿业政策主要由两部法规确定;改革开放后,根据矿产资源管理的机构与职责的变化,以及《矿产资源法》及其配套法规的出台修改,我国矿业投资、税费、矿山环境保护以及勘查开采等矿业政策频繁出台并不断进行调整。今后,矿业政策的取向和调整方向主要有三个方面,一是矿产资源开发的重点领域和重点区域出台更多鼓励性政策;二是政策上更重视保护矿业权人的权益,减少对矿业权人的行政干预;三是更加强调保护矿山生态环境,鼓励发展绿色矿业。

The change of mining policy in China is closely related to the social and economic development,the reform of the national economic system,the reform of the mineral resources management system and the legislative reform.Before the reform and opening up,China’s mining policy was mainly determined by two laws and regulations,and after the reform and opening-up,according to the changes in the institutions and responsibilities of mineral resources management,as well as the introduction and revision of the Mineral Resources Law and its supporting regulations,China’s mining investment,taxes,mining environmental protection and exploration and exploitation and other mining policies were frequently issued and constantly adjusted.In the future,there are three main aspects of mining policy orientation and adjustment direction,one is that more encouraging policies should be put in place in the key areas and key regions of mineral resources development,second,more attention should be paid to protecting the rights and interests of mining rights holders and reducing administrative intervention of mining rights holders,and the third is to put more emphasis on protecting the ecological environment of mines and encouraging the development of green mining.