中国医学生感官学习风格常模的构建与分析

Establishment and analyses of sensory learning styles norm of medical students in China

目的:获得中国医学生感官学习风格现状参考标准。方法:综合考虑地域分布、院校类型等因素,选择中国11所医学院校,应用VARK(7.0版)调查其17460名医学生的感官学习风格。结果:中国医学生感官学习风格①类型分布主要是VARK(20.4%)、K(18.5%)、A(13.3%)、R(9.5%)、AK(7.1%)、ARK(6.4%)等。不同地理区域、院校层次、院校类型、性别、专业、年级、是否军校的医学生之间均有统计学差异(χ^2=538.729,135.834,42.985,45.031,73.986,117.576,60.097;P<0.05);②倾向重数主要是单一风格(45.5%),四重、双重和三重倾向分别占20.4%、20.0%、14.1%。不同地理区域、院校层次、院校类型、性别、专业的医学生间有统计学差异(χ^2=175.545,12.951,8.096,16.239,36.048,P<0.05);不同年级、是否军校的医学生间未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。如果视为计量资料,学员总体倾向重数分值是(2.09±1.185)分(总分为4),不同地理区域、性别、专业有统计学差异(F/t=20.295,3.523,6.192;P<0.05),不同院校层次、院校类型、不同年级、是否军校之间未见统计学差异(P>0.05);③除54.5%属于多重风格、不涉及表现强度外,32.4%的医学生属于单一风格表现强度一般,10.1%表现强,仅有3.0%表现非常强。不同地理区域、性别、是否军校的医学生间有统计学差异(χ^2=93.241,19.157,11.647;P<0.05);不同院校层次、院校类型、专业、年级的医学生间未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。如果视为计量资料,学员总体强度是(0.62±0.788)分(总分为3),不同地理区域、院校类型、性别、是否军校有差异(F/t=9.412,2.232,4.242,2.941;P<0.05),不同院校层次、专业、年级的学员比较均未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:中国医学生感官学习风格类型以VARK、K、A等为主,倾向重数以单一风格为主,强度不明显。中国医学生感官学习风格常模存在地理区域、院校层次、院校类型、性别、专业、年级、是否军校等样本差异,尤其是不同地理区域和性别的医学生,在类型分布、倾向重数和表现强度上均有差异。

Objective: To obtain sensory learning styles status and reference standard of medical students in China.Methods: Comprehensively considered the factors such as geographical distribution,college sort,etc,we chose 11 medical colleges in China and surveyed their 17460 students’ sensory learning styles with 7.0 version of Visual,Aural,Read/Write,Kinesthetic questionnaire(VARK).Results:①The main distribution type of sensory learning styles was VARK(20.4%),followed by K(18.5%),A(13.3%),R(9.5%),AK(7.1%),ARK(6.4%)and so on.It showed statistical significance in different geographic regions,college levels,college sorts,genders,specialities,grades and whether was the military(χ^2=538.729,135.834,42.985,45.031,73.986,117.576,60.097,P<0.05).②The inclined orientation were mainly single(45.5%),followed by quadruple(20.4%),double(20.0%)and treble(14.1%).It showed statistical significance in different geographic regions,college levels,college sorts,genders and specialities(χ^2=175.545,12.951,8.096,16.239,36.048;P<0.05),no significance among different grades and whether the military(P>0.05).If regarded as quantitative data,the orientation quantity score of the whole students showed statistical significance in different geographic regions,genders and specialities(F/t=20.295,3.523,6.192;P<0.05),there were no significance among college levels,college sorts,grades and whether the military(P>0.05).③Except 54.5% students belonged to multiple styles and not involved in strength,there were 32.4% belonged to single orientation with general strength,10.1% with strong strength and 3.0% very strong.It showed statistical significance in different geographic regions,genders and whether the military(χ^2=93.241,19.157,11.647;P<0.05),no significance in different college levels,college sorts,specialities and grades(P>0.05).If regarded as quantitative data,the intensity of the whole students showed statistical significance in different geographic regions,college sorts,genders and whether the military(F/t=9.412,2.232,4.242,2.941;P<0.05)but no significance among different college levels,specialities and grades(P>0.05).Conclusion:The distribution types of sensory learning styles of medical students in China are mainly VARK,K,A,the inclined orientation are mainly single and the strength was not manifest.There are sample differences in geographic regions,college levels,college sorts,genders,specialities,grades and whether the military in the norm.Especially the medical students in different geographical distribution and genders,all have difference in the distribution type,inclined orientation and performed strength of sensory learning styles.