纯电动汽车外饰造型影响因素及特征设计趋势研究

Trend of Influencing Factors and Feature Design of Exterior Styling for Battery Electric Vehicle

目的通过分析现有的电动汽车外观造型特征,对未来纯电动汽车外观造型的设计发展趋势进行探讨。方法以影响纯电动汽车外观造型的主要因素为基础,对纯电动量产汽车与传统汽车外饰造型进行对比,研究两者外观造型之间的特征差异,并分析当前纯电动汽车造型的局限性。同时,结合近年各大主机厂发布的纯电动概念车型,探讨这些影响因素所带来的造型空间,以及纯电动汽车造型特征设计的发展趋势。结论以电动机为驱动的纯电动汽车,其车身结构大大简化,且结构形式更加多样,零部件布置更为灵活,加之新技术和新材料的应用,以及用户需求细化、使用场景聚焦等所形成的汽车消费升级,使纯电动汽车的外饰造型变得更为感性和自由,为未来纯电动汽车区别于传统燃油汽车,展现多样化的造型设计提供了可能性。

The work aims to explore the design development trend of futuristic styling for battery electric vehicles by analyzing the styling feature of existing battery electric vehicles.Based on the main influencing factors of battery-electric-vehicles styling,a comparison between the mass-produced battery electric vehicles and the traditional vehicles was made to study the differences of their exterior styling features and analyze the limitations of styling of current battery electric vehicles.In the meantime,combined with the concept battery electric vehicles released by automotive OEMs in recent years,the new possibilities of styling brought by these influencing factors and the development trend of the styling feature design of battery electric vehicles were explored.Battery electric vehicles,driven by electric motors,have a greatly simplified and diversiform body structure,and more flexible component layout.What makes exterior styling of battery electric vehicle more perceptual and flexible is the consumption upgrade of cars formed by the application of new technologies and materials,the refinement of user requirements and focus of user environment.These factors provide the possibility for battery electric vehicles to be different from the traditional oil-fueled vehicles and show diverse styling design in the future.