李白世俗与超俗的归因探究

On the Attribution to Li bai’s Secular and Transcendental Personality

李白采取干谒、入赘等世俗途径和手段来实现大济苍生的宏伟理想,深深眷恋供奉翰林的经历,重构了幽州之行和从璘入幕的记忆,表现出随势而变的世俗心理,这主要缘于社会制度、出身地位、社会风气和知识分子的依附性。李白的超俗表现在:干谒时多不卑不亢,自视甚高,爱友以德;深刻认识现实,为之担忧并加以批判;为李璘和李台卿仗义鸣冤;创作上,多选择缘题立意的古题乐府和自由奔放的歌行诗体,并将其推向高峰。这些可归于家乡、时代、家世、儒道思想和魏晋风度对其的影响。

Li Bai adopts the secular way to realize his grand dream of benefiting the people, such as seeking favour, matrilocal residence, etc. He deeply cherishes the experience of being as official in the imperial academy, and reconstructs the memory of his trip to Youzhou and "following by Li Lin’s Army" in the poetry, which shows his secular psychology of changing with the situation. This is mainly due to the social institution, birthstatus, social atmosphere and intellectual dependence. His transcendence is reflected in the following things: his neither overbearing nor servile when seeking favour, his getting above himself, loving friends by virtue;deeply understanding the reality, worrying about it and critizing it;his keeping voicing grievances for Li Lin and Li Taiqing. In his creation, he chooses the traditional Yuefu and free chanting poetry, and pushes it to its peak. All this can be attributed to the influence of hometown, times, family property, thought of Confucianism and Taoism and Wei-Jin style.