疫情环境下价格导向的防护物资最优生产分配机制研究

A price oriented optimal production and allocation strategy of protective suppliers in the epidemic situation

新型冠状病毒疫情导致防护物资短缺,增加了医护人员受感染的风险.现构建了防护物资最优生产-分配-定价模型,并在此基础上提出了广义影子价格的概念,以此作为防护物资定价的参考和依据,通过价格引导生产型企业合理扩大生产规模,以解决当前防护物资短缺的困难.广义影子价格反映了企业产能提升成本等因素,相比传统影子价格更适用于为防护物资统一定价.另外,利用广义影子价格与拉格朗日乘子集合之间的联系,提出了一个线性规划模型用以计算广义影子价格.数值仿真结果说明了广义影子价格在防护物资定价上的适用性.

The outbreak of the new coronavirus causes the shortage of protective supplies,which increases the risk of infection of medical practitioners.In the epidemic situation,the market prices of the protective suppliers are distorted and cannot be applied.In this paper,we propose a mathematical programming model to guide the production,distribution and pricing mechanism of protective suppliers.Based on the model,we propose the notion of the generalized shadow price which can be used to price the protective suppliers,and further guide the manufactures to optimize their production.The advantage of the generalized shadow price over the traditional ones is that it reflects the cost for manufactures to enhance their production capacities.Furthermore,we build the relationship between the generalized shadow price and the set of Lagrange multipliers,and propose a linear programming model to compute the generalized shadow price.The numerical simulation tests show the practical value of generalized shadow prices in pricing the protective suppliers in the epidemic situation.