胎盘早剥孕妇的流行病学特点及危险因素分析

Epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of pregnant women with placental abruption

目的 探讨胎盘早剥孕妇的流行病学特点及危险因素。方法 随机抽取2014年12月至2018年12月洛阳市第一人民医院胎盘早剥孕妇196例为观察组,另选取同期非胎盘早剥孕妇120例为对照组。收集两组孕妇一般资料,分析其流行病学特征及孕妇发生胎盘早剥的危险因素。结果 196例胎盘早剥孕妇以秋冬季(秋季占28.06%、冬季占29.59%)、居住城市(占60.20%)、20~29岁(占52.55%)占比较高。观察组孕妇妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破、羊水过多、机械性损伤比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕妇存在妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破、羊水过多、机械性损伤为其发生胎盘早剥的危险因素(OR=1.879、2.287、1.954、2.926,P=0.025、0.016、0.020、0.012)。结论 胎盘早剥以居住城市的20~29岁孕妇多发,以秋季、冬季多见,危险因素为妊娠期高血压、胎膜早破、羊水过多、机械性损伤。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of pregnant women with placental abruption(PA).Methods A total of 196 pregnant women with placental abruption in Luoyang First People’s Hospital from December 2014 to December 2018 were randomly selected as observation group,and 120 pregnant women with non-placental abruption were selected as control group.General information was collected from two groups of pregnant women,and epidemic characteristics and risk factors for placental abruption in pregnant women were analyzed.Results Among the 196 pregnant women with placental abruption,autumn and winter(28.6%in autumn and 29.59%in winter),residential cities(60.20%)and 20-29 years(52.55%)accounted for a relatively high proportion.The proportion of pregnant women with hypertension,premature rupture of membranes,polyhydramnios and mechanical injury in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Pregnant women with high blood pressure during pregnancy,premature rupture of membranes,polyhydramnios,and mechanical damage are risk factors for PA(OR=1.879,2.287,1.954,2.926,P=0.025,0.016,0.020,0.012).Conclusions PA occurs frequently in urban pregnant women aged 20-29 years,which occurs more frequently in autumn and winter.The risk factors are hypertension during pregnancy,premature rupture of membranes,excessive amniotic fluid and mechanical damage.