氟离子导入预防儿童龋齿的临床应用研究

Study on the clinical application of fluoride iontophoresis in prevention of caries in children

目的采用氟离子导入开展3~6岁儿童龋病防治的纵向研究,以期显著降低江苏省儿童的龋病患病率,并探索儿童龋病防治的最适宜路径。方法根据随机抽样的原则,在全省分苏南、苏中、苏北及南京片区抽取幼儿园小班儿童3万余例分为观察组和对照组,每半年对所有儿童口腔龋齿检查,共接受了4次口腔龋齿检查。对观察组重复氟离子导入操作,共4次,对照组儿童未进行氟离子导入干预,仅接受龋齿预防的口腔卫生宣教。结果观察组与对照组龋齿患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且这种差异呈逐次递增,到第4次调查时达到最大。结论氟离子导入预防儿童龋齿适用于集体儿童的推广,儿童龋齿预防的效果与其使用频次有正相关性,建议干预措施要确保每年预防2次及以上,预防次数越多效果越好。

Objective To conduct a longitudinal study on prevention and treatment of caries in children aged 3-6 years old by fluoride iontophoresis,reduce the prevalence rate of caries in children in Jiangsu,explore the optimal pathway to prevent and treat caries in children.Methods A random sampling method was used to select more than thirty thousand children in junior kindergartens from South Jiangsu,central Jiangsu,North Jiangsu,and Nanjing area,then the children were divided into observation group and control group,caries examination was performed among these children semiannually,four times of caries examination was conducted totally.The children in observation group were treated by fluoride iontophoresis for four times,and the children in control group were only given oral health care education about caries prevention.Results There was statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate of caries between observation group and control group(P<0.05),and the difference increased gradually,which was the highest during the fourth investigation.Conclusion Fluoride iontophoresis is suitable for popularization among the collective children to prevent caries in children,the preventive effect is positively correlated with the application frequency of fluoride iontophoresis,it is recommended that fluoride iontophoresis should be used for more than twice a year,the higher the application frequency is,the better the preventive effect is.