瑞安地区肺结核患者流行病学研究

Epidemiological analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rui’an area

目的分析瑞安地区344例涂阳肺结核患者的流行病学特征与耐药规律,为瑞安市肺结核的防治工作提供依据。方法回顾性分析2012年1月-2017年5月在瑞安市人民医院确诊的344例涂阳肺结核患者的临床资料,统计患者的流行病学特征,比较不同职业、居住地、户籍患者的耐药率及治疗结果。结果344例患者中,男、女比为1.89∶1;患者年龄为11岁~85岁,以青壮年居多,50岁以下患者以流动人口居多,50岁以上以本市患者居多;患者居住地主要集中在中心城区、塘下新区和江南新区等人口和工业密集区,患者职业以工人、农民和商业服务人员为主;总体耐药率为21.51%;本市和流动人口患者及各区耐药率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);工人患者耐药率最高。结论瑞安市青壮年流动人口肺结核发病构成比较高,政府应加强对外来务工人员的教育、督导。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological feature and drug-resistance through 344 smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in our hospital,so as to provide references for pulmonary tuberculosis prevention in Rui’an.Methods From January 2012 to May 2017,344 smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis made a definite diagnosis in Rui’an People’s Hospital,and a retrospective analysis of their clinical data was performed.Basic epidemiological feature was counted by the former,and the drug-resistance rate and treatment outcome among different occupation,address,household register were compared by the latter.Results Among 344 patients,the ratio of male to female was 1.89∶1.The ages ranged from 11 to 85,mostly young adults.Floating population was in the majority of patients under 50 years old,and household population was in the majority of patients over 50 years old.The patients mainly lived at Central District,Tangxia New Area and Jiangnan New Area,which was densely populated and industrialized.The occupations of patients were mainly worker,farmers and commercial service staff.The total drug-resistance rate was 21.51%.There was no statistical significance on the difference between the drug-resistance rates of floating and household population patients(P>0.05).The workers had the highest drug-resistance rate.Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in the migrant population in Rui’an is relatively high.The government should strengthen the education and supervision of migrant workers.