可持续发展视域下火电企业绿色转型模式--基于华电宁夏分公司的案例研究

Green transformation model of thermal power enterprises from the perspective of sustainable development--A case study based on Huadian Ningxia Branch

火电作为我国重要电力来源,关系到国家能源安全。可持续发展视域下,火电企业传统粗放型发展模式亟待向绿色发展模式转型。本文对绿色转型较为成功的华电宁夏分公司进行案例研究,提炼出火电企业绿色转型模式:以企业绿色发展战略为导向,以火电生产全过程为对象,以产业链延伸和升级为重点,以绿色转型能力建设为保障。这一模式可为其他火电企业绿色转型实践提供参考和借鉴,同时为我国能源产业转型提供理论和实践支撑。

As a major source of electricity in China,thermal power is related to national energy security.Under the perspective of sustainable development,the traditional extensive development model of thermal power enterprises needs to be transformed into a green development model.Based on the existing theoretical research and the successful cases of green transformation of Huadian Ningxia Branch,this paper expounds the definition of the concept of green transformation and mode of thermal power enterprises,extracts the green transformation mode of thermal power enterprises,and builds the framework of green transformation capacity building of thermal power enterprises.We will strive to make up for the gaps in green transformation research in this field and provide new ideas for the construction of green transformation models for energy-consuming enterprises.Through the analysis of the green transformation practice ofHuadian Ningxia Branch,it is found that the transformation motivation comes from both internal and external aspects.External drivers include government-driven,competitor-driven and consumer-driven,while internal drivers include manager-driven and employee-driven,internal resources,and technology innovation drivers.Therefore,the green transformation of thermal power enterprises is expressed as:under the guidance of the green development concept,through the internal green capacity building of thermal power enterprises,the organization and resource allocation in the whole process of production,management and operation are transformed,from high energy consumption and low efficiency,products.The traditional development mode with a single structure is transformed into a green development mode with low energy consumption,high efficiency and diversified products,which enhances the competitiveness of enterprises and achieves sustainable development.The study found that the essence ofHuadian Ningxia Branch′s green transformation is from the traditional development model to the green development model.In the process of transforming thermal power enterprises into a green development model,on the one hand,it is necessary to improve the energy utilization efficiency,adjust and optimize the energy structure,and realize the green transformation of the power generation side;on the other hand,it is necessary to diversify the output of products to increase the output rate and realize the green transformation of the power supply side.In addition,it is necessary to build on the green transformation capacity of enterprises and carry out capacity building in culture,management and technology within the enterprise to ensure the smooth implementation of green transformation.This paper finally extracts the elements of the green transformation model of four thermal power enterprises,such as strategy,production management,industrial chain and capacity building.Among them,the prerequisite for the implementation of the green transformation of traditional thermal power enterprises is to implement the reform at the strategic level,formulate the green development strategy of the enterprise on the basis of fully analyzing the internal and external environment and its own strength,and let the employees clarify the construction goals of the green enterprise,while ensuring all departments.The green transformation of thermal power enterprises needs to go through the whole process of production,aiming at energy conservation and consumption reduction in all stages of power generation and power supply,comprehensively utilizing the concept of system to integrate the use of resources in various links,improve the energy efficiency of the production chain,and stimulate the green transformation potential of various parts.The extension and upgrading of the industrial chain by thermal power enterprises depends not only on their core competitiveness,but also on the location advantages and policy environment of the enterprise.When thermal power companies are expanding and upgrading their industrial chains,they need to recognize that risks and benefits coexist,and carefully consider their own strengths and their environment.The thermal transformation enterprise′s green transformation capacity building must consider hardware capabilities such as equipment and technology,as well as soft power such as culture and management.Among them,the concept of green culture is composed of green vision,values and mission at the organizational level,behavioral norms at the internal construction level,and corporate image at the level of social relations.It has the function of internal cohesiveness and external plastic competitiveness,and runs through the whole process of enterprise operation.Green production management integrates the concept of ecological protection into the production process,integrates and transforms the value chain,enhances and changes the company′s functions and organization,reduces energy use costs,and achieves profit growth.Green technology innovation emphasizes the greening of the entire product life cycle through the research and development and application of green products and green technologies.It is the transformation engine for the basic and necessary activities of the company.The green marketing mix is to examine the electricity market from the perspective of consumers,identify the social needs of consumers,counteract power production activities,and achieve the harmonization of corporate profits,consumer demand and social benefits.Based on the above research,this paper finally refines the green transformation mode of thermal power enterprises:"Based on the green development strategy of the enterprise,the green transformation values are determined by rules and regulations,the development goals of the enterprise are clarified,and the green culture concept is strengthened;the whole process of thermal power production is target,the green transformation will run through the whole life cycle of thermal power,profoundly change the technical equipment and production management at all stages,improve the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction of various parts of the production chain;focus on the extension and upgrading of the industrial chain,and turn the original thermal power industry chain the upstream and downstream extension,layout of coal mines,chemical plants and other enterprises,actively carry out technological innovation,expand service-oriented business for industrial upgrading;with green transformation capacity building as a guarantee,focus on building green cultural concept capabilities,green production management capabilities,green technology innovation capabilities and the ability of green marketing combination to simultaneously enhance the soft power and hard power of enterprises to ensure the smooth transformation of the thermal power enterprise′s green transformation."This model can not only provide reference and reference for the green transformation practice of other thermal power enterprises,but also provide theoretical and practical support for the transformation of China′s energy industry.