中国司法改革七十年的逻辑与进路

The Theoretical Logic and Practical Approach of 70 Years’Judicial Reform in China

司法改革是国家政治体制改革的重要组成部分,其进程深受社会转型的影响。新中国建立70年来,中国司法改革经历了制度重建、恢复发展、技术改革和体制改革四个阶段。新中国建立初期的司法重建构筑起中国政法体制的基本框架,并成为后续改革的出发点和着眼点。经过改革开放之后的恢复发展,21世纪中国司法改革进入全面深化时期,从局部分散化的技术改革向全面顶层性的体制改革迈进。尤其是中共十八大以来,以司法责任制建构为目标,以法官员额制改革和人财物省级统管为抓手,司法改革在去地方化、去行政化方面取得重大突破。未来改革,应继续坚持党的领导,在尊重司法规律的基础上,通过整体布局和先行试点有序推进,从而实现更大程度的公平正义。

Judicial reform is an important part of the reform of the country's political system,and its process is deeply affected by social transformation.Since the founding of the PRC,China's judicial reform has experienced four stages:institutional reconstruction,recovery and development,technical reform,and institutional reform.Decades after the founding of the PRC,China has established the basic framework of the political-legal system,which has become the starting point and object of follow-up reform.After the recovery and development in the early stage of reform and opening,China's judicial reform in the new century has entered a period of comprehensive deepening.And the judicial reform has moved from partial and decentralized technological reform to comprehensive and institutional reform.Especially since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,through the reform of the system of legal officials and the provincial unified management of personnel,finance and materials,a judicial responsibility system has been established,and a major breakthrough in the de-localization and de-administration has been realized.In the future,we should continue to adhere to the party's leadership,and on the basis of respecting the laws of justice,advance in an orderly manner through the overall layout and pilot methods,so as to achieve greater fairness and justice.