优选论视域下汉语的主宾易位

Inversion of Subject and Object in Manderin Based on Optimality Theory

本研究以优选论为理论基础,对汉语句子结构中存在的主宾易位现象进行了分析。提出触发这种特殊的句法现象的动因,即句子结构中主语位置成分的非生命体性等一系列现象破坏了表层结构的标记性原则;推演出了完整的主宾易位的演变过程,即最先发生宾语前置、再发生主语后置,从而完成整个主宾易位现象。

The aim of this article is to account for inversion of subject and object in Manderin based on Optimality Theory. It proposes a motive for this movement in terms of requirement of the high animacy of the subject in surface structure of the sentence, which penalizes the faithfulness constraint. Meanwhile this paper also draws out the hierarchical parameter of the syntactic constraints and the whole optimization procedures of this case under the markedness and faithfulness principles.