酶生物燃料电池

Enzyme biofuel cells

酶生物燃料电池是以酶为催化剂,直接将燃料中的化学能转化为电能的装置,其作为一种高效、清洁、可持续供给并可替代化石燃料的能源装置,逐渐成为研究的热点。由于酶在生物体外难以较长时间保持生物催化活性,因此酶生物燃料电池的稳定性差且寿命较短。另外,酶生物燃料电池也有输出功率不高的缺点。为了解决这些问题,可以从酶的固定方法和载体材料方面寻找突破口,实现酶的活性中心和载体材料之间高效的电子转移,并改善酶所处的环境。从酶的固定化和载体材料两个方面概述近几年的研究进展。

The enzyme biofuel cell is a device that directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, utilizing enzymes as the catalyst. As an efficient, clean, sustainable device and an alternative to the fossil fuel, it is becoming hotspots that are researched. The enzymes used were hardly able to maintain their biocatalytic activity outside the organism for a long time, so the stability and life of the battery were unideal. Meanwhile, the output power was found lower than expected during the research. In order to address these problems, it was a promising step to look for a breakthrough from the immobilization of the enzymes and improve the support materials to achieve efficient electron transfer between the active center of the enzyme and the electrode. The methods of enzyme immobilization on electrodes, support materials and research progress in recent years were reviewed.